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General comment In IPBS, part of the silage corn feed in the farms came from self-production, and the self-sufficiency rate of silage corn in 3 farms was 100%. In addition to silage rice, the feeding process of the two models is the same. The main inputs of production materials include feed, water, electricity, diesel, etc., and the products include milk, male calves, eliminated cows, beef cattle, etc. (Table 4). Specifically, dairy cattle feed mainly consists of concentrated feed (containing 30% soybean meal, 50% corn kernels, 10% wheat bran and 10% other substances), corn kernels, wheat bran, silage corn, cottonseed, oats, alfalfa and leveus chinensis. Some dairy farms also use wine grains and rapeseed meal, but the overall environmental impact can be ignored. The low amount of other substances in concentrated feed has negligible impact on the overall environment. Greenhouse gas emissions in dairy farming include emissions from the production of imported feed, emissions from farm energy consumption (e.g. on-farm feed processing, barn lighting and ventilation, water heating, milk refrigeration, etc.), intestinal gas emissions from dairy cows and barn gas emissions. |
