Process information
| Key Data Set Information | |
| Location | CN |
| Reference year | 2018 |
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| Use advice for data set | Users of this data set should ensure that the data is applied specifically to scenarios involving the recycling and recovery of nickel, cobalt, and manganese from lithium battery casings. It is important to account for the use phase behavior of recycled materials and to apply the data accordingly when modeling life cycle assessments. The emergy values given in the provided data must be handled with care, incorporating Liu and Yang's 'Energy Analysis Theory and Practice' for methodology reference. This data set is based on the functional unit of 1 kWh energy equivalence, with the calculation basis being GEB2016 (12.0 × 1024 sej). Users should ensure that their methodologies align with this basis when interpreting and integrating the data. |
| Technical purpose of product or process | The technology for recycling and utilizing nickel-cobalt saggars described refers to the extraction of valuable materials such as nickel, cobalt, and manganese precursors, as well as lithium carbonate from recycled waste sagger materials. This process is designed for the recovery of these critical materials from spent lithium battery casings. The secondary products produced, including alum and potassium sulphate, are typically utilized in various industrial applications, such as in the production of alum-based products and fertilizers. |
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| General comment on data set | Utilizing the recycled waste sagger, nickel, cobalt and manganese precursors are extracted, as well as lithium carbonate and other products, and by-products such as alum and potassium sulphate are produced through the processes of physical separation, reductive leaching, tandem separation, evaporation and crystallization, and purification. |
| Copyright | No |
| Owner of data set | |
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| Functional Unit | calculation basis is GEB2016 (12.0 × 1024 sej) |
| Technological representativeness | |
| Technology description including background system | In the physical separation process, the inner surface of recycled waste saggars which contain multiple metals is first mechanically ground into powder. Then, this powder is separated from the saggars and enters the reduction and leaching process. The remain.ing saggars are used as a base aggregate for ceramic production, In the reduction andleaching process, the metal elements, including nickel, cobalt, lithium, and manganeseare immersed in an acid solution. The acid solution enters the cascade separation processto obtain primary products of important elements. The produced acid leaching residuesare treated as solid waste by qualified institutions for further processing. The acid leach.ing solution enters the cascade separation step, a crude nickel-cobalt-manganese ternaryprecursor product is generated that goes to the purification step, and alum, aluminumhydroxide, and magnesium hydroxide are generated for sale. The remaining filtrate entersthe crystallization step for further refinement, In the crystallization process, the filtrateis evaporated and crystallized to produce a crude product of lithium carbonate, and itproduces potassium sulfate, The crude lithium carbonate enters the purification processand the potassium sulfate is for direct sale. The remaining concentrated mother liquorenters the cascade separation process for the further extraction of metal elements. In thepurification process, the nickel, cobalt, and manganese precursors and lithium carbonateare purified to battery quality and sold as the main products. |
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Modelling and validation
Administrative information
Inputs and Outputs