Process information
| Key Data Set Information | |
| Location | CN |
| Reference year | 2020 |
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| Use advice for data set | When using the Life Cycle Inventory (LCI) data for NCM and LFP batteries, users should take into account that the data represents the technological landscape of lithium-ion battery technology as of 2018 to 2019. Additionally, the LCI for battery recycling is based on survey data from specific Chinese battery recyclers and assumes a transport distance of 100 km from collection point to the recycling plant. Utilization of this data should consider updates in technology and regional practices that may have occurred since the data collection period. Users must also acknowledge the functional unit of the product systems evaluated—distance traveled by electric bicycles (EBs)—when applying the data to other contexts or comparative studies. |
| Technical purpose of product or process | The NCM hydrometallurgical recycling process is utilized for the recovery of precursor materials, specifically lithium nickel cobalt manganate oxide (NCM), from spent NCM batteries. This enables the reclamation of valuable metals for use in new battery production. This process is relevant to industries involved in battery production, recycling, and material recovery, particularly for the restoration of raw materials for lithium-ion batteries. |
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| General comment on data set | Recycle the precursor material (lithium nickel cobalt manganate oxide) from NCM batteries. The product systems evaluated in this study are EB batteries. The service provided by these batteries is the distance driven; thus, the functional unit in this study is defined as an overall 100-km driving distance of a typical EB driven by a group of batteries (4 × 12 V, 20 Ah). According to the data of EB manufacturers, LFP, and NCM batteries can support a typical EB to travel for approximately 45 km and 50 km with one charge, the calculated lifetime distance is of 36, 000 km, and 30,000 km, respectively. |
| Copyright | No |
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| Quantitative reference | |
| Reference flow(s) | |
| Functional Unit | An overall 100-km driving distance of a typical EB driven by a group of batteries (4 × 12 V, 20 Ah). |
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Modelling and validation
Administrative information
Inputs and Outputs