Process information
| Key Data Set Information | |
| Location | QD-SD-CN |
| Geographical representativeness description | A questionnaire survey was conducted on dairy farms in Qingdao, Shandong Province from July to August 2020. |
| Reference year | 2016 |
| Name |
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| Use advice for data set | Data users should take note of the distinctive characteristics of the non-IPBS dairy farming system when utilizing this LCA data. It is crucial to differentiate between the non-IPBS and IPBS models, particularly regarding silage corn feed source, feed transportation distance, feed cost, and the utilization pathways of organic and liquid fertilizers. Ensure correct application of the provided values by taking into account that all inputs and outputs are calculated based on FPCM per ton, along with average input per hectare for comparison with relevant studies. Reference to specific research (indicated by [20]) is required when addressing areas of uncertainty, such as diesel consumption for farm tillage operations. |
| Technical purpose of product or process | The milk production process described is utilized in dairy farming, specifically within non-integrated maize silage planting and dairy cow breeding systems (non-IPBS). This method focuses on raising dairy cattle and managing manure, with a distinctive practice of sourcing all feed through purchasing, and the manure composted is then fully sold to fruit and vegetable farmers. It stands in contrast to the IPBS model where farms cultivate their own silage corn and primarily use the produced organic and liquid fertilizers on their own farmland, selling the surplus to local farmers. |
| Classification |
Class name
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Hierarchy level
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| General comment on data set | In dairy farming, the difference between the two models is the source of silage corn feed. |
| Copyright | No |
| Owner of data set | |
| Quantitative reference | |
| Reference flow(s) | |
| Functional Unit | The 1t FPCM corrected for protein and fat content was selected as the evaluation unit |
| Time representativeness | |
| Time representativeness description | From 2016, Shandong began to implement the silage corn planting subsidy policy, is one of the earliest provinces to implement the subsidy policy, the subsidy standard is 20~50 yuan /t. In 2019, Shandong Province silage corn planting area reached 14,100 hm2, accounting for 7.3% of the country. |
| Technological representativeness | |
| Technology description including background system | In the study area, there are mainly two milk production modes :IPBS and non-IPBS. In non-IPBS, the farms only have feeding links and manure treatment links, all the feed is purchased, and the manure pile fertilizer is made into organic fertilizer and sold to fruit and vegetable farmers. In IPBS, the silage corn planting process is increased in the farm, organic fertilizer and liquid fertilizer are mainly applied to the farm field, and the remaining part is sold to fruit farmers and vegetable farmers, etc. The differences between the two models are as follows :1) the sources of silage corn in the farm are different, resulting in different feed transportation distances and feed costs; 2) The use of organic fertilizer and liquid fertilizer is different, and the transportation distance is different. A total of 109 dairy farms were investigated in this study, and 83 valid questionnaires were obtained after excluding non-conforming questionnaires, among which 38 were non-IPBS and 45 were IPBS. |
| Flow diagram(s) or picture(s) | |
Modelling and validation
Administrative information
Inputs and Outputs