Key Data Set Information | |
Location | CN |
Reference year | 2013 |
Name |
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Use advice for data set | The data set is derived from an average of results reported in literature reviews and should be used to represent sulfation roasting processes within the timeframe of 2013-2016. Users of this data set should note that it does not account for the recycling or treatment of plastics and metal casings, labor costs, and factory construction costs. Additionally, when applying this data in a context specific to China, users should combine this data with official Chinese statistics, trade and industry sources to ensure relevance and accuracy. This data set is specifically tailored for life cycle assessment of a typical 100 kg batch of LIB electrode material and may not accurately represent other industrial applications. |
Technical purpose of product or process | This industrial process is utilized for the extraction of valuable metals using sulfation roasting, a pyrometallurgical technique. Sulfation roasting at low temperatures (200-600 oC) involves adding sulfuric acid or sulfate to a roaster to convert valuable metals into their sulfate forms. The metals are subsequently leached out with hot water and recovered through precipitation. This process is typically applied in metallurgical industries for metal recovery from ores, minerals, and waste materials. |
Classification |
Class name
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Hierarchy level
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General comment on data set | The sulphate solution is obtained by adding sulphuric acid or sulphate to the roaster at low temperatures (200-600 oC) to sulphate the valuable metals and then leach them out in hot water, where the valuable metals are recovered by precipitation. |
Copyright | No |
Owner of data set | |
Quantitative reference | |
Reference flow(s) |
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Functional Unit | FU is a typical type of LIB electrode material of 100 kg |
Time representativeness | |
Data set valid until | 2017 |
Time representativeness description | Data source: 2013-2017 |
Technological representativeness | |
Flow diagram(s) or picture(s) |
LCI method and allocation | |||||
Type of data set | Unit process, single operation | ||||
Deviation from LCI method principle / explanations | None | ||||
Deviation from modelling constants / explanations | None | ||||
Data sources, treatment and representativeness | |||||
Deviation from data cut-off and completeness principles / explanations | None | ||||
Data selection and combination principles | The input-output of the process comes from the average results of the data reported in the literature review, reflecting the representative process from "tomb" to "cradle". This study does not consider the recycling or treatment of plastic and metal shells, and labor costs, factory construction costs, and their impact on the environment are also not included in this analysis. | ||||
Deviation from data selection and combination principles / explanations | None | ||||
Data treatment and extrapolations principles | It is worth noting that the EU's data is not specific to a specific industry, and some import and export data and recycling information are not suitable for China's situation. Therefore, the improved CRMs evaluation method also combines official Chinese data, literature reports, and data from other interest groups such as trade/industry associations to conduct the best estimation of data from major LIB manufacturers, recycling companies, official management agencies in China, and other stakeholders. In terms of data timeliness, the reference period used in the evaluation of CRMs is based on the latest 4-year average (i.e. 2013-2016). | ||||
Deviation from data treatment and extrapolations principles / explanations | None | ||||
Data source(s) used for this data set | |||||
Completeness | |||||
Completeness of product model | No statement | ||||
Validation | |||||
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Data generator | |
Data set generator / modeller | |
Data entry by | |
Time stamp (last saved) | 2024-02-04T12:52:26+08:00 |
Publication and ownership | |
UUID | db50f98a-d228-4a60-b9b4-67848b4e62cd |
Date of last revision | 2024-05-13T14:56:16.275867+08:00 |
Data set version | 01.00.005 |
Permanent data set URI | https://lcadata.tiangong.world/showProcess.xhtml?uuid=db50f98a-d228-4a60-b9b4-67848b4e62cd&version=01.00.000&stock=TianGong |
Owner of data set | |
Copyright | No |
License type | Free of charge for all users and uses |
Inputs
Type of flow | Classification | Flow | Location | Mean amount | Resulting amount | Minimum amount | Maximum amount | ||
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Product flow | Materials production / Other materials | 100.0 kg | 100.0 kg | ||||||
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Product flow | Materials production / Inorganic chemicals | 49.0 kg | 49.0 kg | ||||||
Elementary flow | Resources / Resources from ground / Non-renewable material resources from ground | 126.6 kg | 126.6 kg | ||||||
Elementary flow | Resources / Resources from water / Renewable material resources from water | 110.0 m3 | 110.0 m3 | ||||||
Product flow | Materials production / Inorganic chemicals | 19.5 kg | 19.5 kg | ||||||
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Product flow | Energy carriers and technologies / Electricity | 25.2 MJ | 25.2 MJ |
Outputs
Type of flow | Classification | Flow | Location | Mean amount | Resulting amount | Minimum amount | Maximum amount | ||
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Product flow | Materials production / Inorganic chemicals | 7.9 kg | 7.9 kg | ||||||
Product flow | Materials production / Other materials | 2.7 kg | 2.7 kg | ||||||
Product flow | Materials production / Metals and semimetals | 10.0 m3 | 10.0 m3 | ||||||
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Product flow | Materials production / Inorganic chemicals | 19.0 kg | 19.0 kg | ||||||
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Product flow | Materials production / Other materials | 9.0 kg | 9.0 kg | ||||||
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Product flow | Materials production / Metals and semimetals | 16.0 kg | 16.0 kg | ||||||
Elementary flow | Resources / Resources from ground / Non-renewable material resources from ground | 50.0 kg | 50.0 kg | ||||||
Product flow | Materials production / Inorganic chemicals | 35.0 kg | 35.0 kg | ||||||
Waste flow | Wastes | 7.9 kg | 7.9 kg | ||||||
Product flow | Emissions / Metal and semimetal elements and ions | 1.45 kg | 1.45 kg | ||||||
Elementary flow | Emissions / Emissions to air / Emissions to air, unspecified | 58.5 kg | 58.5 kg | ||||||
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Elementary flow | Emissions / Emissions to air / Emissions to air, unspecified | 3.0 kg | 3.0 kg | ||||||
Product flow | End-of-life treatment / Waste water treatment | 100.0 kg | 100.0 kg |